Calculated columns are not listed in the "From Current Table" field, while doing Insert Column - Match Columns. See attached (Filename: Issue.PNG image). I.E., when trying to insert a column from one data table (T1) into another existing table (T2), and you want to match a column from T1 (e.g., City) to a calculated column from T2 (i.e., City_Name), the calculated column is not listed in the dialog's "From Current Table" field.
 

(A) Instead of creating the new calculated column with "Insert > Calculated Column", create it using "Insert > Transformations > Calculate New Column using expression". Using this method, you will be able to insert the column. 

Note: For the latest Spotfire versions, please refer to "How to Add Columns" in Spotfire Analyst User Guide (https://docs.tibco.com/pub/sfire-analyst/latest/doc/html/en-US/TIB_sfire-analyst_UsersGuide/index.htm#t=add%2Fadd_how_to_add_columns.htm) for information on how to add calculated columns using transformations. As stated there: "Tip: If you cannot match your desired columns directly, a transformation added on the node of the original data set might be used to create a calculated column to use in the match." 

or

(B) Load the desired analysis file into the Spotfire Analyst (client). Then select "Edit  > Column Properties" from the main menu.  Select the calculated column you want to use in matching, then Freeze the column. See attached (Filename: freezecolumn.PNG image).  Then create the new column using "Insert > Column".

• Doc: Details on Column Properties – General,  Spotfire Analyst User Guide
  • https://docs.tibco.com/pub/sfire-analyst/latest/doc/html/en-US/TIB_sfire-analyst_UsersGuide/index.htm#t=data%2Fdata_details_on_column_properties_general.htm
• Doc: How to Add Columns, Spotfire Analyst User Guide
  • https://docs.tibco.com/pub/sfire-analyst/latest/doc/html/en-US/TIB_sfire-analyst_UsersGuide/index.htm#t=add%2Fadd_how_to_add_columns.htm
• Doc: Transforming Data, Spotfire Analyst User Guide
  • https://docs.tibco.com/pub/sfire-analyst/latest/doc/html/en-US/TIB_sfire-analyst_UsersGuide/index.htm#t=data%2Fdata_transforming_data.htm