After you have downloaded portable TIBCO Spotfire Analyst client from the eDelivery site (https://edelivery.tibco.com), you need to extract the contents of the .zip file, for example by right clicking and selecting "Extract All".

For example, if you have saved the TIBCO Spotfire Analyst Portable to the download folder and if you extract "<downloadlocation>\Downloads\TIB_sfire-analyst_10.x.x_portable_win\Products\TIBCO Spotfire Portable\TIBCO Spotfire Portable.zip, it gets extracted to "<downloadlocation>\Downloads\TIB_sfire-analyst_10.x.x_portable_win\Products\TIBCO Spotfire Portable\TIBCO Spotfire Analyst Portable"

Now launch the portable client to connect to a TIBCO Spotfire Server and the client may fail to install the modules and prompts with the following error:

Error message: The installation failed due to an unknown problem.
See details for more information.

Win32Exception at Spotfire.Dxp.SetupLauncher:
The system cannot find the file specified (HRESULT: 80004005)

Stack Trace:
   at Spotfire.Dxp.SetupLauncher.Cabinet.Extract(String cabFile, String targetPath)
   at Spotfire.Dxp.SetupLauncher.CabInstaller.PerformInstallation(IProgressable progressable, String sourceFolderPath, String targetFolderPath, IEnumerable`1 moduleFolders, String modulesInUsePath, String starterExePath, LogDelegate log)
   at Spotfire.Dxp.SetupLauncher.Program.PerformInstallation()
   at Spotfire.Dxp.SetupLauncher.InstallationProgressForm.<InstallationProgressForm_Shown>b__12_0(Object <p0>)
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean preserveSyncCtx)
   at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state, Boolean preserveSyncCtx)
   at System.Threading.QueueUserWorkItemCallback.System.Threading.IThreadPoolWorkItem.ExecuteWorkItem()
   at System.Threading.ThreadPoolWorkQueue.Dispatch()

This article explains on how to resolve the issue with Portable Spotfire Analyst client and open it successfully

This error is caused by Windows cab extractor not being able to handle long file paths. The longest "path+filename" the windows installer accepts is 260 character. When unpacking Spotfire modules the longest path + file name is 144 Characters long, that means the parent folder of the Spotfire.Dxp.exe file must be no longer than 116 characters. 

For example if you have saved the TIBCO Spotfire Analyst Portable to the download folder and if you extract "<downloadlocation>\Downloads\TIB_sfire-analyst_10.x.x_portable_win\Products\TIBCO Spotfire Portable\TIBCO Spotfire Portable.zip" which has the portable client to the same folder then the length of the Parent Folder's path would be about 131 characters and when unpacking the modules this path will exceed the default 260 character limit and thus results in the error.

To resolve the issue extract the portable client to a folder with a shorter path, for example : "C:\" and then connect to a server to launch the client.